What is formal charge explain it with example?
⇛The formal charge on an atom represents the number of electrons that the atom gains or loses when it is covalently bonded to other atoms.
The formal charge is obtained by subtracting the number of valence electrons assigned to it in the Lewis structure from the number of valence electrons possessed by the atom in the neutral free state...
⇛EXAMPLE
1.Formal charge on nitrogen in NH3=(valence electrons of nitrogen in free state - valence electrons of nitrogen in NH3)
=5-(2×1+1×3)=0
⏩(For a Lewis structure the number of valence electrons of a particular atom is obtained by counting two for every unshared lone pair and one for every shared pair covalent/coordinate covalent bond...)
2.Formal charge of N in NH4+=(valence electrons of N in free state - valence electrons of N in NH4+)
=5-(2×0+1×4)=+1
⇛The formal charge on an atom represents the number of electrons that the atom gains or loses when it is covalently bonded to other atoms.
The formal charge is obtained by subtracting the number of valence electrons assigned to it in the Lewis structure from the number of valence electrons possessed by the atom in the neutral free state...
⇛EXAMPLE
1.Formal charge on nitrogen in NH3=(valence electrons of nitrogen in free state - valence electrons of nitrogen in NH3)
=5-(2×1+1×3)=0
⏩(For a Lewis structure the number of valence electrons of a particular atom is obtained by counting two for every unshared lone pair and one for every shared pair covalent/coordinate covalent bond...)
2.Formal charge of N in NH4+=(valence electrons of N in free state - valence electrons of N in NH4+)
=5-(2×0+1×4)=+1
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